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Text -- 1 Samuel 15:1-34 (NET)

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Saul Is Rejected as King
15:1 Then Samuel said to Saul, “I was the one the Lord sent to anoint you as king over his people Israel. Now listen to what the Lord says. 15:2 Here is what the Lord of hosts says: ‘I carefully observed how the Amalekites opposed Israel along the way when Israel came up from Egypt. 15:3 So go now and strike down the Amalekites. Destroy everything that they have. Don’t spare them. Put them to death– man, woman, child, infant, ox, sheep, camel, and donkey alike.’” 15:4 So Saul assembled the army and mustered them at Telaim. There were 200,000 foot soldiers and 10,000 men of Judah. 15:5 Saul proceeded to the city of Amalek, where he set an ambush in the wadi. 15:6 Saul said to the Kenites, “Go on and leave! Go down from among the Amalekites! Otherwise I will sweep you away with them! After all, you were kind to all the Israelites when they came up from Egypt.” So the Kenites withdrew from among the Amalekites. 15:7 Then Saul struck down the Amalekites all the way from Havilah to Shur, which is next to Egypt. 15:8 He captured King Agag of the Amalekites alive, but he executed all Agag’s people with the sword. 15:9 However, Saul and the army spared Agag, along with the best of the flock, the cattle, the fatlings, and the lambs, as well as everything else that was of value. They were not willing to slaughter them. But they did slaughter everything that was despised and worthless. 15:10 Then the word of the Lord came to Samuel: 15:11 “I regret that I have made Saul king, for he has turned away from me and has not done what I told him to do.” Samuel became angry and he cried out to the Lord all that night. 15:12 Then Samuel got up early to meet Saul the next morning. But Samuel was informed, “Saul has gone to Carmel where he is setting up a monument for himself. Then Samuel left and went down to Gilgal.” 15:13 When Samuel came to him, Saul said to him, “May the Lord bless you! I have done what the Lord said.” 15:14 Samuel replied, “If that is the case, then what is this sound of sheep in my ears and the sound of cattle that I hear?” 15:15 Saul said, “They were brought from the Amalekites; the army spared the best of the flocks and cattle to sacrifice to the Lord our God. But everything else we slaughtered.” 15:16 Then Samuel said to Saul, “Wait a minute! Let me tell you what the Lord said to me last night.” Saul said to him, “Tell me.” 15:17 Samuel said, “Is it not true that when you were insignificant in your own eyes, you became head of the tribes of Israel? The Lord chose you as king over Israel. 15:18 The Lord sent you on a campaign saying, ‘Go and exterminate those sinful Amalekites! Fight against them until you have destroyed them.’ 15:19 Why haven’t you obeyed the Lord? Instead you have greedily rushed upon the plunder! You have done what is wrong in the Lord’s estimation.” 15:20 Then Saul said to Samuel, “But I have obeyed the Lord! I went on the campaign the Lord sent me on. I brought back King Agag of the Amalekites after exterminating the Amalekites. 15:21 But the army took from the plunder some of the sheep and cattle– the best of what was to be slaughtered– to sacrifice to the Lord your God in Gilgal.” 15:22 Then Samuel said, “Does the Lord take pleasure in burnt offerings and sacrifices as much as he does in obedience? Certainly, obedience is better than sacrifice; paying attention is better than the fat of rams. 15:23 For rebellion is like the sin of divination, and presumption is like the evil of idolatry. Because you have rejected the word of the Lord, he has rejected you as king.” 15:24 Then Saul said to Samuel, “I have sinned, for I have disobeyed what the Lord commanded and what you said as well. For I was afraid of the army, and I followed their wishes. 15:25 Now please forgive my sin! Go back with me so I can worship the Lord.” 15:26 Samuel said to Saul, “I will not go back with you, for you have rejected the word of the Lord, and the Lord has rejected you from being king over Israel!” 15:27 When Samuel turned to leave, Saul grabbed the edge of his robe and it tore. 15:28 Samuel said to him, “The Lord has torn the kingdom of Israel from you this day and has given it to one of your colleagues who is better than you! 15:29 The Preeminent One of Israel does not go back on his word or change his mind, for he is not a human being who changes his mind.” 15:30 Saul again replied, “I have sinned. But please honor me before the elders of my people and before Israel. Go back with me so I may worship the Lord your God.” 15:31 So Samuel followed Saul back, and Saul worshiped the Lord.
Samuel Puts Agag to Death
15:32 Then Samuel said, “Bring me King Agag of the Amalekites.” So Agag came to him trembling, thinking to himself, “Surely death is bitter!” 15:33 Samuel said, “Just as your sword left women childless, so your mother will be the most bereaved among women!” Then Samuel hacked Agag to pieces there in Gilgal before the Lord. 15:34 Then Samuel went to Ramah, while Saul went up to his home in Gibeah of Saul.
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Names, People and Places, Dictionary Themes and Topics

Names, People and Places:
 · Agag king of the Amalekites in Samuel's time
 · Amalek members of the nation of Amalek
 · Amalekites members of the nation of Amalek
 · Carmel a woman resident of the town of Carmel
 · Egypt descendants of Mizraim
 · Gibeah a town of Judah 8 km north of Jerusalem, 5 km east of Gibeon (SMM)
 · Gilgal a place where Israel encamped between Jericho and the Jordan,a town between Dor and Tirza in the territory of Ephraim (YC),a town just north of Joppa, originally a military base (YC),a place 12 miles south of Shechem now called Jiljiliah (YC)
 · Havilah son of Cush son of Ham son of Noah,son of Joktan of Shem,a region encircled by the Pishon River,a place whose exact position is unknown
 · Israel a citizen of Israel.,a member of the nation of Israel
 · Judah the son of Jacob and Leah; founder of the tribe of Judah,a tribe, the land/country,a son of Joseph; the father of Simeon; an ancestor of Jesus,son of Jacob/Israel and Leah; founder of the tribe of Judah,the tribe of Judah,citizens of the southern kingdom of Judah,citizens of the Persian Province of Judah; the Jews who had returned from Babylonian exile,"house of Judah", a phrase which highlights the political leadership of the tribe of Judah,"king of Judah", a phrase which relates to the southern kingdom of Judah,"kings of Judah", a phrase relating to the southern kingdom of Judah,"princes of Judah", a phrase relating to the kingdom of Judah,the territory allocated to the tribe of Judah, and also the extended territory of the southern kingdom of Judah,the Province of Judah under Persian rule,"hill country of Judah", the relatively cool and green central highlands of the territory of Judah,"the cities of Judah",the language of the Jews; Hebrew,head of a family of Levites who returned from Exile,a Levite who put away his heathen wife,a man who was second in command of Jerusalem; son of Hassenuah of Benjamin,a Levite in charge of the songs of thanksgiving in Nehemiah's time,a leader who helped dedicate Nehemiah's wall,a Levite musician who helped Zechariah of Asaph dedicate Nehemiah's wall
 · Kenite resident(s) of the southeastern hill country of Judah
 · Ramah a town 8 km north of Jerusalem,a town of Simeon,a town of Benjamin 9 km north of Jerusalem and 8 km south of Bethel (OS),a town on the border of Asher (OS),a town of Ephraim 10 km SE of Aphek, and 25 km east of Joppa,a town in Gilead 50-60 km east of Beth-Shan
 · Samuel son of Ammihud; Moses' land distribution deputy for Simeon,son of Tola son of Issachar
 · Saul the sixth king of Edom,son of Simeon and a Canaanite woman,son of Uzziah of Kohath son of Levi
 · Shur the wilderness region in the NW part of the Sinai isthmus
 · Telaim a place in the Negeb of Judah (OS)


Dictionary Themes and Topics: Saul | Samuel | Agag | Amalekites | Israel | ARABIA | Disobedience to God | GOD, 2 | SAMUEL, BOOKS OF | Repentance | Rulers | Lies and Deceits | Church and State | Minister | Reproof | Gilgal | Duties of Men | Self-righteousness | Presumption | AMALEK; AMALEKITE | more
Table of Contents

Verse Notes / Footnotes
NET Notes

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Commentary -- Verse Notes / Footnotes

NET Notes: 1Sa 15:1 Heb “to the voice of the words of the Lord” (so KJV).

NET Notes: 1Sa 15:2 Heb “he”; the referent (Israel) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

NET Notes: 1Sa 15:3 Or perhaps “don’t take pity on” (cf. CEV).

NET Notes: 1Sa 15:4 Heb “people.”

NET Notes: 1Sa 15:5 That is, “the dry stream bed.”

NET Notes: 1Sa 15:6 The translation follows the Syriac Peshitta and Vulgate which assume a reading אֶסִפְךָ (’esf...

NET Notes: 1Sa 15:7 Heb “[as] you enter.”

NET Notes: 1Sa 15:8 Heb “all the people.” For clarity “Agag’s” has been supplied in the translation.

NET Notes: 1Sa 15:9 The MT has here the very odd form נְמִבְזָה (nÿmivzah), but this is apparently due to a scr...

NET Notes: 1Sa 15:12 At the end of v. 12 the LXX and one Old Latin ms include the following words not found in the MT: “to Saul. And behold, he was offering as a bur...

NET Notes: 1Sa 15:13 Heb “to Saul.”

NET Notes: 1Sa 15:14 The words “if that is the case” are supplied in the translation for stylistic reasons.

NET Notes: 1Sa 15:15 Heb “they brought them.”

NET Notes: 1Sa 15:16 Heb “he”; the referent (Saul) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

NET Notes: 1Sa 15:17 Heb “anointed.”

NET Notes: 1Sa 15:18 The translation follows the LXX, the Syriac Peshitta, and the Targum in reading the second person singular suffix (“you”) rather than the ...

NET Notes: 1Sa 15:19 Heb “you have done what is evil in the eyes of the Lord.”

NET Notes: 1Sa 15:20 Heb “journey.”

NET Notes: 1Sa 15:22 The expression “is better” is understood here by ellipsis (see the immediately preceding statement).

NET Notes: 1Sa 15:23 Or “from [being].”

NET Notes: 1Sa 15:24 Heb “and I listened to their voice.”

NET Notes: 1Sa 15:25 Following the imperative, the cohortative with the prefixed conjunction indicates purpose/result.

NET Notes: 1Sa 15:27 Heb “he,” but Saul is clearly the referent. A Qumran ms and the LXX include the name “Saul” here.

NET Notes: 1Sa 15:29 This observation marks the preceding statement (v. 28) as an unconditional, unalterable decree. When God makes such a decree he will not alter it or c...

NET Notes: 1Sa 15:30 Heb “he”; the referent (Saul) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

NET Notes: 1Sa 15:32 The text is difficult here. With the LXX, two Old Latin mss, and the Syriac Peshitta it is probably preferable to delete סָר (sar, &...

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